Comorbidity Of Social Anxiety And Alcohol Use Disorder

Comorbidity of Social Anxiety and Alcohol Use Disorder: Developments in Patient Care Alexandra L. Strange Baker University School of Nursing October 27, 2014 Social anxiety and alcohol use disorder often occur concurrently. Statistics show that individuals with social anxiety have a two-fold increased risk of being diagnosed with alcohol use disorder than those without anxiety. It is important to be able to identify when there is an occurrence of both disorders due to the fact that comorbidity is associated with more severe manifestations of both conditions which can lead to increased psychological impairment. It is also associated with less successful treatment outcomes due to difficulty in selecting effective†¦show more content†¦Social anxiety often precedes alcohol use disorder. Alcohol use disorders can have further negative effects on anxiety disorders, as evidenced by research showing that anxiety symptoms are increased with the abuse of alcohol. Furthermore, the effectiveness of standard treatment options for each disorder is diminished when comorbidity occurs (Book, Thomas, P. Randall, C. Randall, 2009; Black et al., 20 12; Boschloo et al., 2011; Miller et al., 2013; Stapinski et al, 2014). Assessment techniques for determining whether socially anxious patients are at-risk for alcohol dependence are enhanced through knowledge of risk factors. These include male gender, being single, family history of anxiety, depressive disorders, or alcohol dependence, neuroticism, isolation, and childhood trauma (Boschloo et al., 2011; Miller et al., 2013). Other assessment techniques include regular screenings of patients diagnosed with social anxiety disorder to detect indications of alcohol dependence. For example, the use of drinking motive questions is clinically supported as a beneficial tool. According to the Drinking Motives Questionnaire, there are four established drinking motives: social, enhancement, coping, and conformity. Of these motives for drinking, coping is considered to be the most significant risk factor for alcohol dependence (Miller et al., 2013). Research studies have found that there are

Sleep Deprivation Causes Productivity Loss - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 340 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: Sleep Deprivation Essay Did you like this example? Our world is constantly innovating and moving forward. This is true in all fields of work and learning. There are many different ideas on how we might do this faster or better. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Sleep Deprivation Causes Productivity Loss" essay for you Create order One is that sleep deprivation causes productivity loss and can be dangerous. Not necessary Some people have argued that this does not have much of an effect beyond bags under your eyes and the occasional yawn. Although this has been proven bad for productivity, some employers require their employees to receive special training on low sleep work. Even with this training sleep deprivation could still cause catastrophic damage in the transportation field and medical field. Some of the worst accidents in history have been caused by sleep deprivation. One of these accidents, was caused by two engineers who were without sleep for 18 hours and had only received a small amount this then led to the death of 30 people, the injury of 300 people, and relocation of thousands of people. But even if you arent a nuclear engineer your sleep deprivation can cause you and others to be injured or killed. In the year 2013 alone sleep deprived driving caused 72,000 car crashes 44,000 people injured and cost 800 people their lives. With the amount of time you spend in car each day most likely saying this may be dangerous is an understatement. But some would like to argue with these statements saying that the negative. With one source saying some are not affected by sleep deprivation as others (Matthews, Melissa). This could mean that you should just put in more hours and not bother with the sleeping thing that much. But a more reasonable solution would be to sleep and see how long it takes your body to naturally wake up, and then you should then base your bed time of that and the time you need to wake up. This is not saying that the once a month late night essay will kill you. This is just a warning and a reminder to make sure you are getting enough sleep every night.

Differentiating Between Market Structures Essay - 1260 Words

Differentiating Between Market Structures Yvonne C Rivera ECO/365 May 16, 2013 Paul de la Pena Abstract There are many TV service providers available in the U.S; however there are only two companies that offer services via satellite. Dish operates within the monopolistic competition market. Dish has been in business since the early 1980’s and has gradually worked its way up to become one of the leading satellite provider and innovator of new technology. In 2013 they offer service to over 14 million subscribers nationwide. This market in which it competes is where all firms have some market power, which controls the market price. They produce the same product as Direct TV and no other provider is in the same market. They know all†¦show more content†¦These two companies offer similar products and customers can choose whom they do service with. It is ideal for Dish to compete in this market because there are only two companies within the same industry. This market structure is suitable for Dish because it provides more opportunity to maximize profit due to the competition . Dish has more availability to customers and the opportunity to be able to increase customer rate in turn increasing the profit due to the fact that there are only two service providers. It cannot be in a monopoly market because there is another company that provides the same service or product. It also does not have extremely high prices or excessive barriers to obtain services. They always provide affordable prices that will also benefit the company to increase profit. (Monopolistic Competition, 2013). Dish has many promotions that are being offered to obtain new customers and also retain the existing consumers. The company offers upfront discounts as a sign up bonus to gain the attention of those prospective consumers. It offers up to $30 credits up front on the programming for the first twelve months of service. With a qualifying promotion the customer will have the activation and the equipment fees waived saving the consumer over $200. When existing customers look for any type of promotion they will have anything from discounts for a few months up to free programming. Even if the customers receiveShow MoreRelatedDifferentiating Between Market Structures1766 Words   |  8 PagesDifferentiating between Market Structures Jessika Canales Dà ­az ECO /365 08/28/2010 Instructor: SR. Carlos Mà ©ndez David Differentiating between Market Structures In this simulation, the learner studies the cost and revenue curves in different market structures perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, or oligopoly faced by a freight transportation company, and makes decisions to maximize profits or to minimize losses. 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Wal-Mart’s market structure is typical of most of our nation’s largest corporations in that they are an oligopoly (BrownRead MoreDifferentiating Between Market Structures in Kudler1022 Words   |  5 PagesDifferentiating Between Market Structures in Kudler ECO365 â€Å"Kudler Fine Foods was established in 1998 when Kathy Kudler fulfilled her vision of establishing her own gourmet food store. The La Jolla store continues to grow while the Del Mar store has been having some difficulties. The store in Encinitas has just opened, but sales seem brisk.† (Apollo, 2011, Strategic Plan, p. 3) The owner works 7 days a week and performs many jobs from purchasing to stocking shelves. Kudler Fine Foods sees

Monitoring Of Blood Glucose Level In Rohan â€Myassignmrthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Monitoring Of Blood Glucose Level In Rohan? Answer: Introducation Proper nutrition should be provided to Rohan which will not exaggerate diabetes condition in him. There should be regular monitoring of the blood glucose level in Rohan. Based on the blood glucose level, modifications should be done in his food. Physical needs: The physical need of Rohan is proper diabetic diet which has been proposed by the doctors. Accounting to her teacher, Rohan and his family are vegetarian and hence not following the diabetic plan, which includes meat. Rohan also needs rigorous physical activity and cyclic insulin uptakewhich will help to reduce his blood sugar level and prevent ketoacidosis. The physical activities will also help him to perform regular developmental activities which other kids of his age would be getting(Joslin and Kahn 2012. Social needs: The prime social needs of Rohan are love, compassion and generosity. His mother is ill and suffering from depression and his father is busy and hence Rohan conducts his own glycemic test and subcutaneousinsulin injection. He is only 9 years old, an age at which children develop identity, and become independent. He must therefore lead a healthy social life so that he does not get isolated. Cultural needs: Rohan and his family are immigrants and hence the main cultural need for Rohan is a friendly environment. The depression of his mother is affecting him also, a friendly environment where he can communicate his thoughts and feelings will be helpful for Rohan to lead a healthy life(Zheng and Chen 2013).Moreover, the embedded cultural beliefs adhered by the Rohansfamily were to be explained to the clinical staff during the preparation of the dietary plan. This factor could have enabledthe clinician to provide an alternative to meat (DeFronzo 2014). Three Priorities for Nursing Care Educate the patient and the family member about the threats of diabetes Rohanis very young to understand the chronicityof Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. His mother is ill and sufferingfrom post-immigrationdepression and his father remains busy all the time. Here it is important for Rohans father to make some time for his family and understand the problems. Rohans teacher who is also concerned about his health must also come forward. Thecommunity nurse will help Rohans father to recover from unfamiliarity and misinterpretation of the information. The nursing interventions will be evidenced by verbal statements of concern or misconceptions centringthe disease and development of the preventable complications(American Diabetes Association 2016). The desired outcomes of such nursing care are active participation in the learning process followed by generation of disease awarenessand correlation of the signs and the symptoms of the disease with adequate explanation. Educate the family about the risk of unstable glucose level in blood Rohanis only 9 years old with three younger sisters and hence the lack of adherence of the diabetes management will solely be directed towards his parents and teachers. The nursing care will involveblood glucose monitoring, timely intake of insulin, regular physical activity (Dunning 2013). The desired outcomes of such treatment will help in identification of the factors leading to the unstable glucose concentration in blood, proper understanding bodys need and maintenance of normal glucose concentration. Counselling Rohans Mother The first steps towards delivering the quality nursing care for immigrants are addressing the heath and the mental needs of the persons. Here, Rohans mother with be thoroughly counselled for post immigration depression and her difficulties with nephritic problems(Lindsay et al 2012). The desired outcomes will help in overcoming depression via getting accustomed with the new country, generation of concern and sympathy for the children and family and capability to express and discuss the problems and gaining confidence to fight against . Strategies to engage with the child and family to develop a trusting relationship: Cultural Safety Theory: Cultural competency care deals with the knowledge, health practices and learning skills that have been designed to support and care people of different ethnicity and cultural background (Hawala-Druy and Hill 2012).It will help Rohan to share his problems to the nurse. Rohanis new to in Australiaand he might be facing a cultural differences in order to share his thoughts and problems with other. Since his mom is ill and his father remains busy, Rohan has no one to discuss his problems. A culturally competent, community nurse will help Rohan to discuss his problem freely.(Lecca et al. 2014).The community nurse will be well aware of the cultural beliefs adhered to by Rohan family andshe will explain thesame to the clinical staff during the preparation of his dietary plan. This factor could have enabled the clinician to provide an alternative to meat (Majumdar2014). Family Centred Care Theory: Patient- and family-centered care therapy can be regarded as an innovative approach to plan, deliver and evaluate the goodness of well being that is grounded over the pillar of mutually beneficial partnership among the patients and their family members. Health care professionals who practice such therapy first try to recognize the vital role that a family plays for the well-being of the childrenand the other family members of all ages. After that, they counsel the family members so that they help each other and perform like a healthy and integrated family. Family centered care therapy most targets the mothers and many reported cases have shown that such family centered therapy has helped the mother to recover from depression and anxiety (Kitson et al. 2013). It will involve counselling of Rohans mother first. Such therapy will eventually help her to get recover from depression and get accustomed with the new environment of Australia. With the help of couns elling she will gradually understand the importance of family and how her family and her children (especially Rohan) are suffering from problems. Her mental recovery will bring sync in the family and will generate trusting relationships between Rohan and other three daughters(Kitson et al. 2013).Therapy will also encompass his father and three sisters and will help them to lead a healthy life in unison. Interpeonal/Communication Theory:focuses on the way the family relationships affect a patient mental and physical health. The therapy use communication as a principal weapon to develop trusting relationships among the family members. This therapy is very useful for the treatment of depression and anxiety (Berger 2014).It will help Rohan to freely communicate with the nurse and discuss his problems with her. Since Rohan is very young, suffering from diabetes and is being forced to take his own medicine, he is bound to suffer from certain mental depression as he has no one to share his problems. His father remains busy most of the time, her mother remains depressed and her three sisters are too young to understand his problem. Communication therapy will help Rohan to recover from his developmental and psychological problems(Rogers 2014).Moreover, Rohan also suffers from developmental defects as he has high level of glucose, the interpersonal therapy will generate synchronization betwee n the family relationship and such synchronization will assist Rohan to fight against his developmental problems via taking proper diet, regular attendance in school, proper physical activity and timely medicine intake. Plan of care Educate the patient and the family member about the threats of diabetes Family holds the sole pillar in the patients life. However, if a family member has encountered with any serious illness, the daily routine and common activities need to be reshuffled. The family must be educated with the symptoms of the disease, side-effects and the possible outcomes. By doing this, family can act as an active hand of support to the patient and will help in speedy recovery by providing mental and physical support. The family support will help in medication adherence and glycemic control (Mayberry and Osborn, 2012). Nursing Intervention and Evaluation Interventions and Effectiveness of Care Interventions to the nursing care plan (Educate the patient and the family member about the threats of diabetes) Intervention / Assessment (1): Identification of the learner: patient/ family member or care giver (Chen et al. 2012) Rationale: In this case, the main learner will be Rohans father and his teacher in school. Rohan lives in a troubled family where his mother is ill and her sisters are much younger than him. So it is the responsibility of the father to learn and gain about the knowledge. Rohans teacher is also concerned with his health however, she is not accustomed with the disease diabetes and hence she will be the second most important learner in this nursing care model. Intervention / Assessment (2): Enabling the patient to open up with the previous experience and health teaching(Inzucchi et al. 2012) Rationale: Rohan has no one to discuss his problem (both mental and physical) so such nursing care program will help Rohan to open up and discuss freely about his problems. Rohan also takes his own insulin and does his own glycemic test and it is very important to evaluate the kind of thought process he pass through while performing such phobic task alone and that too at such a young age Evaluation: The effectiveness of the nursing care will deal with monitoring of blood glucose level and prevention hyper glycemic shock. The care will also adhere to proper diabetic medication, observance of proper dietary plan, participation in active physical activity and spending quality time with family. Reference List American Diabetes Association, 2016. Standards of medical care in diabetes2016 abridged for primary care providers.Clinical diabetes: a publication of the American Diabetes Association,34(1), p.3. Berger, J., 2014. Word of mouth and interpersonal communication: A review and directions for future research.Journal of Consumer Psychology,24(4), pp.586-607. Chen, S.M., Creedy, D., Lin, H.S. and Wollin, J., 2012. Effects of motivational interviewing intervention on self-management, psychological and glycemic outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.International journal of nursing studies,49(6), pp.637-644. DeFronzo, R. (2014). International textbook of diabetes mellitus.Chichester: John Wiley. Dunning, T., 2013.Care of people with diabetes: a manual of nursing practice. John Wiley Sons. Hawala-Druy, S. and Hill, M.H., 2012. Interdisciplinary: Cultural competency and culturally congruent education for millennials in health professions.Nurse education today,32(7), pp.772-778. Inzucchi, S.E., Bergenstal, R.M., Buse, J.B., Diamant, M., Ferrannini, E., Nauck, M., Peters, A.L., Tsapas, A., Wender, R. and Matthews, D.R., 2012. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).Diabetologia,55(6), pp.1577-1596. Joslin, E. and Kahn, C. (2012).Joslin's diabetes mellitus. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Willkins, p.68. Kitson, A., Marshall, A., Bassett, K. and Zeitz, K., 2013. What are the core elements of patient?centred care? A narrative review and synthesis of the literature from health policy, medicine and nursing.Journal of advanced nursing,69(1), pp.4-15. Kuo, D.Z., Houtrow, A.J., Arango, P., Kuhlthau, K.A., Simmons, J.M. and Neff, J.M., 2012. Family-centered care: current applications and future directions in pediatric health care.Maternal and child health journal,16(2), pp.297-305. Lecca, P.J., Quervalu, I., Nunes, J.V. and Gonzales, H.F., 2014.Cultural competency in health, social human services: Directions for the 21st century. Routledge. LeRoith, D., Olefsky, J. and Taylor, S. (2015). Diabetes Mellitus. Philadelphia: LWW (PE). Lindsay, S., King, G., Klassen, A.F., Esses, V. and Stachel, M., 2012. Working with immigrant families raising a child with a disability: challenges and recommendations for healthcare and community service providers.Disability and rehabilitation,34(23), pp.2007-2017. Majumdar, P., Majumdar, J., Majumdar, J., Banerjee, D. (2014).Cultural Safety Theory (3rd ed.). New Delhi: B. Jain. Poretsky, L. (2010). Principles of diabetes mellitus. New York: Springer, p.4. Rogers, L.E. ed., 2014.Relational communication: An interactional perspective to the study of process and form. Routledge. Zheng, X.P. and Chen, S.H., 2013. Psycho-behavioral changes in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.World J Pediat,9(3), pp.261 Social needs: Interventions and Effectiveness of Care Reference List